What condition is characterized by transparent nails caused by hereditary factors or a nervous condition?

The condition characterized by transparent nails is known as eggshell nails. This condition often occurs as a result of hereditary factors or can be linked to a nervous condition. Individuals with eggshell nails will notice that their nails become thin, soft, and brittle, which can make them appear more translucent than usual. The nails may also bend easily due to their weakened structure.

In contrast, the other conditions listed do not pertain to transparency of the nails. Onychomycosis refers to a fungal infection of the nail, which typically leads to discoloration and thickening rather than transparency. Leuconychia presents as white spots or streaks on the nails, indicating issues with the nail matrix or trauma, but does not affect the overall transparency of the nail. Hangnails are small pieces of skin that can tear away from the side of the nail but are unrelated to the nail's transparency or structural integrity.