What is a common characteristic of pathogens?

Pathogens are primarily characterized by their ability to cause disease in their host. This includes various microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can invade the body and disrupt normal bodily functions, leading to illness. Understanding that pathogens have the potential to cause disease is essential, particularly in fields like nail technology, where maintaining hygiene and preventing infection is crucial.

In the context of the other options, while some microorganisms may have beneficial roles in certain environments, this does not apply to all pathogens. Furthermore, pathogens are often microscopic and cannot be seen by the naked eye, which emphasizes the importance of sanitation and the use of proper protective measures in professional settings.