What is the scientific study of the nervous system called?

The scientific study of the nervous system is known as neurology. This field focuses on understanding the structure, function, and various disorders of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and peripheral nerves. Neurologists are specifically trained to diagnose and treat conditions that affect the nervous system, such as multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. This discipline plays a critical role in both understanding the complexities of neurological functions and in treating ailments that impact nervous system health.

While psychology is concerned with behavior and mental processes, and endocrinology deals with hormones and their effects on the body's systems, they do not specifically focus on the nervous system. Cardiology, on the other hand, is the study of the heart and its functions. Each of these fields is distinct and specialized, but neurology is the correct term that directly pertains to the nervous system and its study.